Effects of Exercise
Skeletal System
Short term (During Activity):
- Mobilises joints
- Stresses structure
Long Term (Because of Activity):
- Increases bone density due to capillarisation
- Stronger ligaments
Cardiovascular System
Short Term:
- Increase in heart rate
- Redistribution of blood to working muscles
- Blood sugar depletion
Long Term:
- Increase in stroke volume
- Causing decreased resting heart rate
- Increases blood volume
- Haemoglobin count (better oxygen transport)
- Decrease in blood pressure
- Increases Capillarisation (retards ageing process in blood vessels)
Respiratory System
Short Term:
- Increases breathing rate (recruits reserve volume)
Long Term:
- Decreases breathing rate
- Increases breathing depth
- Increases vital capacity
- Increases lung power
Muscular System
Short Term:
Long Term:
- Increases contractile properties
- Increases number of my filaments, capillarisation, mitochondria, and myoglobin. (effectively increasing muscle condition and the capacity to provide energy)
- Improves coordination due to development of the Motor unit
Nervous System
Short Term:
- Increases endorphin levels
- Psychologically uplifting (feel good factor)
Long Term:
- Feel good factor
- Can assist in pain control
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